Pastry-cone machine



Fbb;19, 1924.

c. F. BETZ PASTRY CONE MACHINE Filed Jan. 4, 1919 s Sheets-Sheet i- Feb." '19 1924. 1,484,204

- C.F.BETZ

PASTRY CONE- MACHINE Filed Jan. 4, 1919 3 Sheels-Sheet 2 a h i A K w 20 5 v 24 /h 3 y 7 a5 1 Feb. 19 1924.

v 1,484,204 c. F. BETZ 1 PASTRY CONE MACHINE Fi led Jar 1. 4, 1919 a Sheets-Sheet 5 machine generally comprises 'a traveling Patented Feb. 19, 1924. I

v UNITED STATES CHARLES F. BETZ, ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI.

PASTRY-CONE MACHINE;

Application filed Januar 4, 1919. Serial No. 269,706.

ToaZZ whom it may 00mm Be it known that I, CHARLES F. Bn'rz, a citizen of the United States, and residing at St. Louis, .Missouri have invented the new I and useful Improvement in Pastry-Cone Machines, of which the following is aspecification. 7 I 7 This invention relates to bakingv machines, and more particularly, to machines for making pastry cones.

In the manufacture of pastry cones, the

frame, having a series of molds thereon with WlllCh cooperate a series of cores, mounted on carr1ers. The batter is supplied to the molds by means of a suitable pastry feed-' ing device, while the cores are separated from and clear the molds. The cores then enter the molds and press the pastry I shape and pass into an oven where the molds and the batter therein is heated to bake the same and form the baked product or article, The molds are then opened by separating the cores therefrom and the product is withdrawn. r I

In a machine of this type difficulty is experienced in properly removing, and more particularly, in breaking from insuring the complete removal of the baked article from thecooperating molds and cores. This is due to the fact that even with careful greasing, the baked product is liable to stick to.

the molds and cores, and since machines of 1 this type are continuous in their operation, and since stopping of the machine will cause burning of theproduct in the oven, the op.- erator does not have much opportunity to remove the baked product from the molds or cores. The baked product adheres closelyto the mold and cores, even when properly greased, sothat considerable force is neces sary to break or separate the cores and molds from the baked product, so that frequent breakage occurs.

One of the objects ofthis invention, there fore, is to provide a machine in which the core carrier. is so actuated as to separatethe cores from the baked product, leaving the latter in the mold. vwAnother object is to provide a machine whereby the breaking or separating isaccomplished by mechanism acting'b y, the im the movable baking ele-- which are adapted to cooperate. a series of pact on the cores or ment.

j accompanying drawings, in which;

showing another embodimento-f this invention; i i i v Figure 7 Another object is to provide mechanism ENT oFFicEl for separating the baked product from the mold in a simple manner without causing breakage ofthe product. M

Another objectis to provide novel locking devices for the baking elements, novel means for actuating these devices, and novel, means for moving the baking elements relatively during the operation of the machine. 7 Further objects will appear from the de-' tail description taken in connection with the Figure l is a front elevation chine embodying this invention; I

Figure 2"is a detail of-Figure 1.; v Figure 3 is a detail vertical section, taken at the left of the machine, igurel; r I

Figure 4 is asection on the line 4-4, F igure1;. ff 1 Figure 5 is a detail face view of, one of the molds, showing the mechanism. for separating the baked product from the molds;

of a ma- Figure 6 is a section on the line. 6 -6,

Figure 5;

Figure 7 is a view similar to Figure 3, but"- Figure 8 is a section on the line 8-8, Figure 9 is a view similar to Figure 8, but taken at another point;

Figure 10 is a detail of the locking device; and

Figure 11 is adetail of the locking device retainer. Referring to the accompanying drawings,

and more particularly to Figures 1 to 4 inclusive, 1, 2 and 3 represent a series of end frames or standards which support the mechanism. The brackets 1 and 2 support a base 4: which carries a fixed vertical shaft 5. Mounted on this shaft 5 is a traveling frame 6, which is provided with a toothed rack 7, meshing with a pinion 8 on ashaft 9, supported in the bracket 3, which in turn has a sprocket 10 connected with a sprocket 11- by a chain 12, the sprocket 1]. being mounted on a drive shaft 13 which is driven from anysuitable source of power so as to impart a rotary movement to the travellng frame 6.

Mounted in the traveling frame 6 are a series of molds, 20, which are formed to provide mold cavities 21 of conical shape,' with;

'' mold cavity;

'ai'rn provided with of carriers one for each mold. Each C2113- rier is p voted at its mg frame as'sh'oivn'at 24, and has a short 27 from a hub 28 fixed to the shalt 5.

The outer end of each carrier 1155.:1nount:

ed on a shank 39 a. cam roll 29 Which is plied With-gas"from ;.af=main supply pipe-a "and that'the molclls-theinsel-ves' are 'ui'then 'ofthe shank-- The "bracket 1 3, fui'tn'ei' 'supperts a suitable batter feeding device 36 which isa'ctuat'edby a bell =c'1'ank? lever 37 from mam SS-on the spiooket'lQQso as to measure and deposit in each niold;*as it; comes below-,the-saine; a

predeterminedquantity of better in' eech The mechanism so in described 'is'substantially the same as shown and desc 'ihed in Patent Num'hen 1-;281Ql59," gianted Uoto bei 8, 1918; to'whioh reference niay be had for detailsoi constrnotion. I 111 said appl cation," a during the IIIOYB-Hlffil) 3 of -the traveling; "frame; 7 the molds with ,the'

cores cleared the refrom; as shown in'Fig ure'3,*pass successively under a'batte feeding device and receive a predeterminedquantity ofibatte Theie ai'tei" v the cam 26 permits the carriers to move down with the cores in the mold cavities as the mold mov e from underneath the feeding device, and as the supp-lied and closed mold moves into the oven, the cam face 01" track Willengage thetoain roll'29, andhvillfinnly press the "cores into the mold to form the cones. T hebatter isnow baked while the mold passes along-the oven, andthe cores are then again ,removed, from the mold cavities as each pairof cooperating baking elements leaves the oven.

zlzQ-acham'sm for sepmotingjhe cores frown the baked,- product.

Arranged'at'the terminus of flagging end ofthe oven is a guide, 45, which is supported on, the base or foundation of the 1115bchine; and outside ot'th'e trai eling-itraine.

I11"' [ll1S-' guide *inoves an actuator 4:6,- which is movable vertically intheguide; and the upper end of -\vhio'h -is provided with a leather i or other yielding :fac-ing 47; adapted to impinge on the end-0'5 eao11--carrier as it alines therewith; actuator rests on the free endofthe leafspring 48; which isfixed to a bracket 49 "on the machine baseand is connected i with i a spring 50 anohor ed' to: a bracket 51 end-heguide liih The-leat sp'i'ing-has a block 52 inner end-on-thetravela cam roll 25, adaptedto engage With a. cam 26suppontedbyemns bottom of an oven 31 supported be u-ndefs'toodS that the oven is As described The lovver' end of the mounted in bearings 55 on the guide 44-5 and provided; with as sprocket -56'-Which; is z cco-nneo'ted by a ohain--57 with another sprocket driven-by the shaft 13. The gea-i'ingconneotingthe 'partsissueh that the shaft 54: makes one complete revolution, duringeaoh inovenienttof a pair of baking elements through the angle between them.

A yielding support 58 is fixed at its lower end to the machine base so as to be capable of movement laterally-at its upper end, and *this support has mounted} thereon? Hi-1:6 tainin g element- 59 having ashonldei". 60 m5 tho-path of the shank 9 andhaving an-up \vai'dly inclined-" face 61,' alsoin the jrpath x so Duringthe operation of the machinel'fa V as each-pair of cooperating '-bak-in elemen s moveout of theoven;theshank 39 on -eachg movable element \vill 'engage thefilieuldei 60 Y 7 thusgarranged" that when the center-got the cam T011329 reaches the center jo-f the ectu toi' 46, this -aotuatoi vvill= be-relea'sedf thereby causing its sp ing to quickly raise it uh i its if leather head 4:7" impinges on the -roll *29 in-thepeth thereof mndiporineeted' Wit the core ceifiei". There'wvill be thus 'paiiee to the cone oari ierfaiiimpaot bloiv 04- 0011- siderable force; which will, sepefate the core carrier from thermoldi ln 'vieivoithe fact thatflthe' blow is an-iinpa'etblow,- the'fl movement-'of the :oore carrier is so quick th at" even the inertiaotthe' baked product in} the uctto lag behind; and a lthough it vv-ill itselii become partially loosened; it will, remainin the mold vvhi-le the -coresfmove---out; I and" be come separated from the bakedproduct.

This 1 meohen-ism; therefore, insuie's ,suehk movement of I the cones as to separate the coresfrom the baked= product "leaving the latter inthe-niold. F1'ii 'ther'irnore, iii-view oi the fact that the blo v' -isi an imp eeblow and delivered in one position oenallyof the core car'rier,-therewifl be ie'ss sti'a n onthe inaehine than a sloiv movement "caused by cani action on by-1ever---aetion. In ao oordanoe With this invention a' -violent' blow is -i1n'z1pattezcl to one' oi the baking elements;*

andmorei particularly to'ithe core; cari ien and in a dilieeti'on -to not ionly separate this baking; element 01'' core carrier-- from the m0ld. but also separate the cores from the bakedpiiodticti- Elitthiernioie upon: i'eeT-- ence to Figure 4 it will be seen that the element 47 not only separates the baking elements, but also holds them separated, in that the element47 does not return even by rebounding permanently'to a depressed position, but it remains in elevated position and therefore holds the movable baking element or core carrier in raised position. The baked product therefore remains in the mold and does not again become attached to the cores.

As noted above, the engagement of the shank 39 with the shoulder causes the retainer 59 to be placed under tension; when, however, the core carrier is raised by the impact blow of the actuator, the cam roll shank is raised above the shoulder 60 and the cam face 61 is now moved underneath the shank so that the shank will now ride on the cam face. It will further be notedthat the movement of the spring 48 is such that in its highest position, theleather face 47 of the actuator is below the position of the cam roll when its shank is on the cam face 61. When, therefore, the spring 48 is released, the actuator 46 is thrown rapidly upwardly and against the cam roll, and will then immediately again drop so as to clear the cam roll.

During the further movement of the traveling frame, the cam roll shank is guided and slightly raised by the face 61, and the carrier is supported in that way with the cores partially out of the molds, until the cam roll 25 moves into engagement with the cam 26, at which time and by which means the carriers are moved upwardly to cause the cores to completely clear the mold. It will be noted, however, that at this time the cores will be entirely free from the baked product, and that the force required to move these cores to clear the mold after they have been separated from the baked product is only very slight.

for separating the baked prod- Mechanism not from the molds.

ing at about an angle of 45 to the vertical so as to direct a series of air-jets against the face of the mold, as shown in Figure 6. Air is supplied to the loop under a pressure by means of a supply pipe 69, which has interposed therein a valve 70, normally closed by spring or air pressure.

The valve stem 71 is engaged by a bell crank lever pivotedat 72 on the valve casing, and one arm 73 of this bell crank lever is connected to a spring 74, anchored on the bracket 2, while an upwardly extending arm 75 is in the path of the shank 39 and the core carrier 23. The normal tension of the spring 74 is, however, such as to cause the valve to remain closed. The pipe isfurther provided with a hand valve 76.

The batter supplied to the mold cavities is sufiicient so that when the article is pressed to shape and baked, there will be formed a web 77 connecting-the cones at the top, in order to permit complete removal of theset of cones from a set of mold cavities in a single mold.

During the operation of the machine, after the cores haverbeen separated from the baked product and after these cores have been raised to clear the mold, the mold with the baked product therein will be moved underneath the looped pipe 67 to the position shown in Figures 5 and 6. Prior thereto the shank of a succeeding core carrier will have engaged the arm 75,. thereby swinging the bell crank lever and raising the arm 73 from the valve stem 71 against the tension of the spring '74; upon further movement of the shank the bell crank lever will be released just as the mold 'moves under the loop, thereby causing the spring to return the bell crank lever, so that its arm 73 will strike the valve stem 71 and quickly open the valve 70 to admit air under high pressure to the loop. The opening of the valve is, however, for an instant only, as it closes immediately after the blow is delivered. This will cause jets of air under high pressure to be directed on the mold face at and against the faces of the web connecting the cones. This will operate by the air entering underneath the web at its edges to raise the web and with it the cones as to separate and loosen them from the molds. As the traveling frame continues in its movement, and as the mold clears the loop 67, the operator can lift a set of cones attached to the web from the mold. This, therefore, provides a simple and efficient means for loosening and separating the baked product from the molds successively without, however, breaking any of the cones, in view of the fact that the separating means is an elastic medium which applies an elastic force uniformly along the entire edge of the web.

Rs'um of operations.

In the actual operation of the machine, assuming that the baked product has been taken from the molds, the operator will grease the mold and cores in any suitable manner and the molds will then pass underneath the batter supplying mechanism.

While the mold passes underneath this mechanism, predetermined quantities of batter will be measured and deposited in the mold cavities. As soon as the mold clears the batter feed-ing mechanism, the core carrier is allowed to descend toposition the cores in the mold cavities, and a set of baking elements then move into the oven,- the cam roll 29 passing under the end of the oven to engage the cam track 30 and press the cores down into the mold. The batter is then baked to form a cone, while the set of baking elements pass through the oven. As the set leaves the oven the separating mechanism operates to separate the cores from the baked product by an impact blow leaving the baked product in the mold, and the carrier is retained slightly separated by the retainer59 until the camroll on the inner endoi the carrier engages the rising cam 26 which now lifts the carrier from the mold to clear the latter. As the baked product passes underneath the loop, the jets of compressed air is projected on the mold i around and at the edge of the web connecting the cones, thereby loosening and separating the baked product from the mold. As the mold now clears the separating mechanism, the baked cones are taken from the mold which completes the cycle of operations.

It will, of course, be understood that in view of the fact that the baking elements are mounted in sets on a single traveling frame, the sets pass through successive cycles of operation in the same manner as heretofore described, and that each set comes into successive operation with a different mechanism heretofore described. The operation of the mechanism is, therefore, entirely automatic.

The baking elements locking and actuating dem'ces.

In the operation of a pastry cone 'ma chine, it has heretofore been the practice to provide a single actuating and locking device for all of the baking elements on the traveling frame. This actuating and lock ing device is generally in the form of a cam as previously described, which operates to move the movable elements successively down on the molds and operates to retain them in position. Now a cam not only requires an excess of power, but it is also unreliable in that with the necessary expansion and contraction of the frame due to the application of heat, the cam path is liable to become warped so that the baking elements will not be firmly and uniformly held in engagement. Furthermore, a cam is a very ineflicient device for actuating or bringing into cooperative relation the bak ing elements, especially where considerable pressure is required, and the alinement of the parts is, therefore, rapidly destroyed re sulting in cones of ununiform side walls;

In accordance with this invention, there fore, a separate. locking device is provided for each pair of cooperating baking elements, and means are provided for not only actuating the baking elements to bring them into cooperative relation, but also to engage and disengage the locking device; and this mechanism is so constructed as to op erate directly and positively on the baking elements and the locking devices so as to eliminate disalinement.

Referring to Figures 7 to 11 inclusive, the traveling frame 6, the mold 20, the core carriers 23 and their cores, the cam 26, and the carrier shank 39 and the cam roll 25 are substantially of the same construction, and their operation is substantially the same, as in the embodiment heretofore described. There is also provided in this embodiment the actuating and retaining mechanism as well as the batter feeding mechanism, together with the pneumatic means for separating the baked product from the mold as heretofore described. In this case, however, the cam track 80 on the oven and the cam roll 29 on the core carrier shank are dispensed with.

Supported on the base of the machine is a pair of brackets. 80 one bracket being positioned at the terminus of the oven, and slightly to the right of the support 58' (Figure 1) and the other being supported at the entrance of the oven. Each of these brackets has mounted thereon a pair of gears 81 and 82, the shafts 83 of which extend through the brackets and may beprovided with intermeshing gears 84. The lower boss 85 (Figure 8) on the bracket at the entrance of the oven has mounted thereon a hardened plate or stop 86, while the upper boss .87 on the bracket at the terminus of the oven has mounted thereon a hardened plate or stop 88. Attached to each mold is a shank 89 which projects radially from the traveling frame and extends parallel to the shank 39 on the core carrier, WlllOlh'llOWGJGI, projects beyond the shank 89. dounted on the end of each shank 89, and between the pair of collars 90 and 91 fixed to the shank 89, is pivotally mounted a locking device 92 which has a hook adapted to take over the shank 39. The end of this hook is adapted to engage the stop -88,while the movement of the looking device is limited by the engagement of the shoulder 93 thereon with a laterally projecting lug 94 on the collar 91. The locking device 92 has a tail 95 adapted to engage the stop 86.

Assuming the traveling frame 6 to move from right to left, and assuming that the locking device connecting a pair of-baking elements is in engagement with the hook on the shank 39, as these baking elements leave the oven, the shanks 39 and 89 will move into mesh with the gears 81 and 82 until the end of the hook strikes the stop 88. Further movement of the traveling frame will cause the hook to disengage the shank 39, thereby unlocking the movable baking elements 23. alinement with the actuator, this actuator is released as heretofore described, striking the shank with a hammer blow and separating the cores from the baked product in the mold. As the traveling frame continues in its movement, the retainer 59' will operate to partially raise the core carrier, the cam 26 will operate to completely raise this core carrier to clear the mold, the pneumatic mechanism will operate to separate the baked product from the mold, the batter feeding mechanism will deposit predetermined quantities of batter in the mold, and the cam 26 will permit the core carrier to drop to position the cores in the mold. After this the shanks 39 and. 89 come into mesh with the gears 81 and 82 positioned at the entrance of the oven, and the meshing engagement with the shank '89 with the upper gear 81 (which is intermeshed with and driven in unison with the gear 82, moved by the shank 89, connected with the mold) will cause the shank 89 to be positively depressed to firmly force the core carrier down on the mold; furthermore, the tip of the tail 95 of the locking device will now engage the stop 86 thereby moving the hook of the shank 39 so as to firmly lock the cooperating baking elements in cooperative relation, the movement of the tail tip through the arc of a circle causing the. same to clear and slide over the stop upon further movement of'the mold. This leaves the cooperating baking elements firmly locked together as it passes into and along the oven, so that these baking elements will be individually locked through their entire movements through the oven. As the baking elements leave the oven, they are ready to be unlocked, thereby completing the cycle of operations.

In accordance with this invention, therefore, each cooperating pair of baking elements has a separate locking device, so that the baking elements are individually locked against relative movement during the entire baking operation. This insures the formation of an uniformly ba ed product. The locking and unlocking of the baking elements is, however, entirely automatic and this is accomplished by one set of mechanisms positioned at the respective ends of the oven. In view of the fact that the baking elements are pressed together by a pair of gears, which are interconnected, and in view of the fact that the upper gearengaging the movable baking element is driven As the shank 39 comes into 7 from a short shank connected with the cooperating baking element, a positive com-- pressing movement is obtained without resorting to the usual cams, which disturb the alinement by the sidewise pressure on the movable element. There is in fact practically no sidewise movement at all on the movable element, in view of the fact that the gearing is essentially a rolling contact device. The gearing for disengaging the gears 81 and 82 (Figure 9) operates to press'the baking elements together somewhat before the locking device is disengaged, so that this locking device will not wear out and can overhang slightly, in view of the fact that the distance between the shanks 39 and 89 when in the position shown in Figure 8 can be slightly less than their distance when locked together.

The method of making pastry cones is not claimed in this application but is claimed in application Serial Number 309,851, filed July 10, 1919, copending with this application.

It is obvious that various changes may be made in the details of construction with out departing from the spirit of this invention. It is to be understood that this invention is not to be limited to the specific construction shown and described.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed is:

1. In a machine of the-class described, the combination with a pair of cooperating baking elements, of mechanism for imparting a violent blow to one of said bakingelements and in a direction to separate it from the other element.

2. Ina machine of the class described, having a pair of cooperating baking elements, the employment of separating mechanism therefor, comprising, an actuator, and means for moving said actuator, adapted to cause it to impart a violent blow to one of said baking elements and in a direction to separate it from the other baking element. 3. In a machine of the class described having a pair of cooperating baking elements,

the employment of separating mechanism therefor, comprising, an actuator, means for tensioning said actuator, and means for re-' leasing said actuator, adapted to cause it to impart a violent blow to one of said baking elements and in a direction to separate it from the other baking element.

4. In a machine of the class described, the combination with a mold, of cores cooperating therewith, a core carrier, and mechanism for imparting a violent blow to said carrier and in a direction to separate the cores from said mold.

In a machine of the class described, the combination with a traveling frame, of a series of sets, of relatively movable baking elements thereon, and separating mechanism ments of a set.

combination. with a pair of relatively n1ovable cooperating baking elements, of means for imparting a violent blow to the movable of said elements, adapted to separate said elements and hold them separated.

8. In a machine of the class described, the combination with a traveling "frame, of a series of sets of relatively movable baking elements thereon, means arranged adjacent said frame for successively imparting a violent blow to each of the movable of said elements and in a direction to separate said elements, and means operated upon separation of an element, adapted to maintain the latter in separated position.

9. In a machine ofthe class described, the combination with a traveling frame, of a series of sets of relatively movable baking elements thereon, and means arranged adjacent said frame for successively imparting a violentblow to the movable of said elements, adapted to separate said elements .xnd hold them separated.

10. In a machine of the class described, the combination with a traveling frame, of apair of relatively movable cooperating baking elements thereon, and gearing arranged in the path of the movable or said elements, adapted to close said elements.

11. In a machine of the class described, the combination with a traveling frame, of a pair of relatively movable cooperating baking elements thereomand a pair of gears arranged in the path of said elements adapted to close said elements.

12. In a machine of the class described, the combination with a traveling frame, of a pair of relatively movable cooperating baking'elements thereon, a locking device for said elements, gearing arranged'in the path of said elements, adapted to move said elements relatively, and means cooperating with said gearing, adapted to actuate said device.

13. In a machine of the class described, the combination with a traveling frame, of

g jpair of relatively movable cooperating ing elements thereon, a locking device earned by one of said elements and adapted to engage the other element, gearing arranged in the path of said elements, adapted to move said elements relatively, and means c p t th aid ear ng, a apted t actuate said device. I

In a m ch ne o the c as descr bed, the combination with a baking mold, of means for directing an air blast at the edge f he b e p o uc dapted to separate the latter from the mold. 7 r

15. In machine of the class described, the com a i n wi h b k ng mold, of eans for d ecting an a r blast on th me d at the edg of the baked product, dapted to separate the latter from the mold.

16 In a vtnatl ine of the desctibed, the combination with a baking mold, of means for directing an air blast on the mold and ma direction against the edge of the baked product, adapted to separate vthe lat ter from the mold.

17. In a machine of the class described, the combination with a baking mold, of means for directing an air-blast on and at an angle to the mold and'in a direction against the edge of the baked product, adapted to separate the latter tromi th mold.

18. In a machine of the class described,

the combination with a mold adapted to form a series of baked articles connected by a web, of means for directing an air blast at the edge of the Web, adapted to separate the article from the mold. i

19. In a machine of the class described, the combination with a mold adapted to form a series of baked articles connected by a web, of means for directing an air blast on the moldxfa-ce and at the edge of the web,

adapted to separate the article from the.

mold.

'20. In a machine of the class described,

the combination with a bakingmold, of a separating device encircling the mold, and means on said device arranged to direct air under pressure at and along the edge the baked product, adapted to separate the latter from the mold. i l v p 2-1. In a machine of the class described,

the combination with a traveling frame, of

above said molds, arranged to direct an air,

blast at the edge of the baked product in each mold as it passes thereunder, adapted to separate the baked product from the mold.

In testimony whereof Ivatfix mysignature this 22 day of August 1918.

' CHARLES F. BETZ. 

